Under an "open Internet" system, the full resources of the Internet and means to operate on it should be easily accessible to all individuals, companies, and organizations. Proponents argue that this could cause an increase in monetary charges for companies such as Netflix in order to stream their content. Without net neutrality, an ISP can decide what information you are exposed to. Under net neutrality, whether you connect to Netflix, Internet Archive, or a friend's blog, your ISP has to treat them all the same. Net neutrality is the principle that an internet service provider (ISP) has to provide access to all sites, content and applications at the same speed, under the same conditions without blocking or giving preference to any content. According to Columbia Law School professor Tim Wu, a public information network will be most useful if all content, websites, and platforms (e.g., mobile devices, video game consoles, etc.) are treated equally, which is the principle of network neutrality. ![]() Internet traffic includes all of the different messages, files and data sent over the Internet, including, for example, emails, digital audio files, digital video files, torrents etc. Network neutrality is the principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally. Definition and related principles Internet neutrality Net neutrality rules were repealed in the US in 2017 during the Trump administration and subsequent appeals have upheld the ruling. Finding an appropriate solution by creating more regulation for Internet service providers has been a major work in progress. However, they face the same problems as the rest of the world. In 2019, the Save the Internet Act to "guarantee broadband internet users equal access to online content" was passed by the United States House of Representatives but not by the US Senate. Net neutrality in the US has been a topic since the early 1990s, as they were one of the world leaders in online service providing. Net neutrality is administered on a national or regional basis, though much of the world's focus has been on the conflict over net neutrality in the United States. ![]() Opponents of net neutrality, which include ISPs, computer hardware manufacturers, economists, technologists and telecommunications equipment manufacturers, argue that net neutrality requirements would reduce their incentive to build out the Internet, reduces competition in the marketplace, and may raise their operating costs which they would have to pass along to their users. Proponents of net neutrality, which include computer science experts, consumer advocates, human rights organizations, and Internet content providers, assert that net neutrality helps to provide freedom of information exchange, promotes competition and innovation for Internet services, and upholds standardization of Internet data transmission which was essential for its growth. Combined with public opinion, this has led some governments to regulate broadband Internet services as a public utility, similar to the way electricity, gas, and the water supply are regulated, along with limiting providers and regulating the options those providers can offer. Research suggests that a combination of policy instruments will help realize the range of valued political and economic objectives central to the network neutrality debate. Opt-in/opt-out services exist on the end user side, and filtering can be done on a local basis, as in the filtering of sensitive material for minors. Net neutrality does not block all abilities that Internet service providers have to impact their customers' services. ![]() Net neutrality regulations may be referred to as "uncommon carrier" regulations. The term was coined by Columbia University media law professor Tim Wu in 2003, as an extension of the longstanding concept of a common carrier, which was used to describe the role of telephone systems. 10.6 Reactions to removing net neutrality in the US.9.8 Inability to allocate Internet traffic efficiently.9.7 Inability to make Internet accessible to the poor.9.4 Counterweight to server-side non-neutrality.9.2 Significant and growing competition, investment.8.3 User intolerance for slow-loading sites.
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